Window frame



- Feb. 11, 1941. J BLACKBURN 2,231,245

WINDOW FRAME Filed May 22, 1939 4 Sheets-Sheet 1 INVENTOR. Jayme fl.fl/ackhr/w Feb. 1941' I J. D. BLACKBURN 31,

WI NDOW FRAM E Filed May 22, 1939 4 Sheets-Sheet 2 INVENTOR.

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ATTORNEYS Feb. 11, 1941. J BLACKBURN 2,231,245

WINDOW FRAM E Filed May 22, 1939 4 Sheets-Sheet 3 s r Q 70 Z I 5 24% 76EL J! W L g 75 j? Z2 Z Y I 74 Z ,40 65 t a g Z? V 7 g ifi J '7& g 50 .95

Feb. 11, 1941- J. D. BLACKBURN 2,231,245

WINDOW FRAME Filed May 22, 1939 4 Sheets-Sheet 4 Z 6 ww w 4 w a WW m I NZ M w m w m w 1a A a m 4 W M 1 5 2 k N F v w 7 4 .5 a w J Patented Feb.11, 1941 UNITED STATES ATENT OFFICE 6 Claims.

This invention relates to buildings and particularly that portion ofwooden structures adjacent to the glazed window sashes thereof, and theprimary object is to provide a window frame .5 which constitutes anintegral part of the building framework and which forms a weather andair tight juncture with the wall proper.

One of the important aims of the present invention is the provision of awindow frame that is made of relatively heavy planks and which may belore-fabricated and delivered directly to the job where it is assembledby the workmen as the framework of the building is erected so that noadditional parts become necessary when handling the window sash.

This invention has for an even further object the provision of a windowframe made of specially formed planks, each of which is arranged toconstitute an element of the building framework and to be rigid enoughto remain in an accurate place so that when the window sashes areinstalled, no blocking or time-consuming manipulation is required.

A yet further object of the invention is to provide a window sash framefor buildings, the parts of which not only form an integral portion ofthe building framework, but are so interlocked as to establish acompletely air tight assembly, independent of either the outside orinside casing and trim.

Another important object of this invention is to provide speciallyformed framework for buildings with which doors or window sashes may bedirectly and operatively associated and which is made to establish atight connection with the surrounding wall.

Further objects of this invention are to provide a window frame thatwill reduce the labor cost of installing; that will permit thecontractor to purchase the complete window frame in a knocked-downcondition but ready for assembly; that will permit windows to beinstalled at any time during the construction of the building; thatproduces a more rigid frame, making setting easier and more accurate;and that elim- Fig. 2 is an inside fragmentary condensed elevationalview of the window frame installed.

Fig. 3 is an enlarged detailed sectional view taken on line III-III ofFig. 1.

Fig. 4. is a similar view taken on line IV--IV 5 of Fig. 1.

Fig. 5 is a like sectional view taken on line VV of Fig. 1.

Fig. 6 is another enlarged fragmentary sectional view taken on lineVI--VI of Fig. 1.

Fig. 7 is a sectional view similar to Fig. 6, but illustrating a widerform of mullion.

Fig. 8 is a condensed outside elevational view of a window frame made inaccordance with a slightly modified form of the invention, andillustrating a different type of construction.

Fig. 9 is a condensed side elevational view of a door frame comprisingparts made in accordance with this invention.

Fig. 10 is an enlarged fragmentary sectional view through the door frametaken on line XX of Fig. 9.

Fig. 11 is a similar view taken on line XI-XI of Fig. 9; and,

Fig. 12 is a condensed fragmentary elevational 25 view of a buildingframework having door frame parts made in accordance with the modifiedform of the invention associated therewit- The framework it of buildingswith which the Window frame embodying this invention is adapted to beassociated, includes the conventional, vertical studding I2 and thehorizontally disposed plates it that are usually lumber in the nature oftWo-by-fours and upon the outer faces of which is positioned sheetingIt, over which is 5 placed building paper it and siding or othersurfacing substance 20. The inner side of building framework it) haslathe 22 and plaster 24 thereon, and during completion of the building,the hereinafter described trim combines with- 40 members l6, I8 and 28on the outside of the building and with members 22 and 24 on the insideof the building to establish the desired appearance.

Since this invention is directed only tothe 45 window frame, it will beunderstood by those skilled in the art that the glazed window sashes 26are operably mounted, whether through weights, springs, hinges or otherequipment. The illustrated embodiment of the invention is "5 0 devoid ofany example of means for movably mounting sashes 26.

The component parts of the window frame per se are made of heavy planksformed in a special manner and milled to interlock at the joints so thatwhen the carpenter installs the component parts of the frame, only theparts supplied in the kit by the lumber yard, are necessary.

Each window frame comprises a jamb plank 28, the preferred form of whichis sectional to present a main section 30 and a pair of completingsections 32. Main section 28 is wider than the two-by-fours from whichstudding and plates l2 and 14 respectively are made, and since thehereinafter mentioned elements are not needed on completing sections 32,the width of the latter may be the same as the remaining parts of thebuilding framework.

The joint between section 30 and sections 32 is preferably in the natureof one having horizontal shoulders 34 so that part of the weight ofupper plate [4 may be borne by this jamb plank.

In the illustrated embodiment of the invention a mullion type window hasbeen shown, and Where such a window frame is used, mullion plank 36forms a part of the structure. Head planks 38 equal in width to mainsection of jamb planks 28 interconnect the latter, or in the case of themullion type shown, join together mullion plank 36 and jamb planks 28 soas to form the top edge of the opening wherein sashes 26 are disposed.The lower edge of this said opening is bounded by sill plate 40, thecross sectional contour of which is as illustrated in Fig. 5. A bead 42projects outwardly from the normally lower face of sill plate 46 at thebottom of notch 44 which receives sill plank 46.

The upper face of sill plank 46 has a groove 48 created therein whichextends its entire length and bead 42 enters groove 48 when elements and46 are in the operative position. Sill plate 46 is further rabbeted topresent a longitudinal groove 56 at one corner thereof which receiveslathe and plaster 22 and 24 respectively. 40 Another longitudinal groove62 formed in sill plate 4!) is for the reception of a marginal edge .ofsiding 20 and the upper inclined face of plate 46 should have shoulder54 formed thereon 'in the same plane as sill table 56.

When mullion plank 36 is not used to present a pair of openings, sillplate 40 extends completely across theopem'ng to be glazed, but where amullion window is to be created in the structure, mullion plank 36extends through sill plate 40 and head plank 3a to be joined withmembers as and 46, as seen in Figs. 1, 2 and 8. Any additional blockingnecessary to rigidly secure the parts of the window frame to theframework of the building may be introduced and where the mullion plankis employed, vertical blocks 60 and 62 respectively should be interposedto prevent sagging of upper plate 14 when weight is carried thereby,particularly directly over the openings formed by the window frame. 60'Central section 30 of jamb planks 28 have a plurality of longitudinallyextending tongues 64 integral with one edge thereof, which edge is theone normally toward the outside of the building. The other longitudinaledge of jamb plank 30 is rabbeted so that a longitudinal groove 61 isformed for the reception of the ends of lathe 22 over which is spread alayer of plaster 24.

'I-Iead planks 38 likewise have longitudinally 0 extending tongues 66integral with the normally inner edges thereof, while the oppositelongitudinal edges are rabbeted to present groove 68, which serves asregards lathe and plaster Hand 24 respectively, as does groove 61 ofjamb plank 30. u The inner faces of jamb planks 30 and head planks 38are grooved to receive and operably maintain parting stops 16 inposition. These par-ting stops may be glued, nailed, or otherwisefastened when the parts of the window frame is finished by applyinggrooved molding 12 directly to tongues 64 of jamb plank 3i) and directlyto tongues 66 of head plank 38. This molding extends inwardly over theopening outlined by planks 30 and 38 and combine with parting stop 10 informing a most satisfactory slide-way for the outer window sash 26.

The line of juncture between molding strips 12 and sheeting I6 isapproximately midway between the sides of the respective underlyingplanks 36 and 38, and this joint is in turn covered by finishing strip74 which extends along the two sides and top of the window frame. Thedrip cap 76 may be mounted upon the finishing strip I4 along the top ofthe window frame.

The inside of the window frame is finished through the use of aconventional trim plate 78 that is secured directly to the inner edgesof head plank 38 and jamb plank 36. The width of this plate 18 is greatenough to overlap the line of connection between members 30 and 38 andthe other elements 22 and 24 of the building, and a molding 80 thatcooperates with parting stops 10 in producing a slide-Way for inner sash26 overlaps the joint between plate 18 and the inner surfaces of planks30 and 38.

Reference to Figs. 3 and 4 will indicate the manner in which therelatively wide jamb and head planks 30 and 38 respectively, cooperatewith the remaining parts just described, to establish a tight head andjamb independent of the casing and trim, that will not permit thepassage of air as is the case where pro-formed window frames are setinto place and blocked between studding of the building framework.

An extremely narrow mullion is permitted when window frames embodyingthis invention are introduced into the building walls. The preferredmanner of building the mullion is shown in Fig, 6, where mullion plank36 is grooved along the opposite sides thereof to receive parting stops10 which are of the same nature and form as those introduced into thegrooved formed in the aforesaid members 30 and 38. Molding 80 extendsupwardly along the inner faces of mullion plank 36 and channel member 82secured to the outside edge of mullion plank 36 combines with partingstops 76 and said molding 8! in establishing slide-ways for the twosashes 26.

Where a wider mullion is desirable, the structure is as shown in Fig. 7.This illustrated embodiment of the invention is shown to indicate themanner in which a mullion type window may have a wider mullion forthe-purpose of accommodating the various kinds of sash-operatingmechanism that are now on the market.

Mullion planks have longitudinal, integral tongues 92 along the outersides thereof to receive and hold molding strips 94 between which afiller plank 96 is'secured. Finishing plate 98 (while not necessary tocreate an air tight structure) is shown to indicate a manner of applyingtrim which overlaps the joint between elements 94 and 96. The inner sideof this wider mullion has a plate 99 that fits into opposed grooves 9|in planks 90 to bridge the space therebetween. An ordinary finishingplate I60 cooperates with molding 86 in furnishing a'finish.

Because of the interlocking relation of sections 36 and 32 of jamb plank28, head plank 38, mullion plank 36, sill plank 46, sill plate 40, silltable 58, molding I2 and parting stops 'I0these elements together withmember 50 should be pre-formed and packaged for delivery directly to thejob. The length of sections 32 may vary because of the distance betweenplates Id of the building framework I0. These sections 32 may besomewhat longer than necessary, for it is not fatal to the effectivenessof this rigid window frame structure to have the carpenter cut the endsof sections 32 which abut plates I4 so that a tight fit is insured.

The lower end of mullion plank is slightly reduced in width so that thetongue 31 may extend through notch 4H formed inwardly from the inneredge of sill plate 40. The shoulders created by the production of tongue31 rest upon the upper face of sill plate 40, while the squared end ofmullion plank 36 engages a notch 47 in sill plank 46.

With these aforesaid parts supplied, it is easy for the cabinet maker tofinish the Window frame both inside and out by using stock materialsfrom which to form trim plates I8, molding 80, finishing strip M, andfinishing plates 98 and I00. The conventional depending apron 84 mayalso be used on the inside of the window frame immediately below silltable 56.

The modified form of the invention illustrated in Fig. 8, discloses themanner in which jamb planks IEiI terminate at the member I02 which isset between studding I2. Head planks I04 engage jamb planks IOI andmullion plank I as before set down, and sill plate I08 is identical tothe one employed in the preferred embodiment.

One skilled in the art will readily recognize that the concepts of thisinvention might be embodied in door frame structure, and one illustratedform of door frame, comprising parts formed as contemplated, is shown inFigs. 9, 10 and 11.

In this instance, plate I20 is supported by studding I22 in the normalmanner. The head plank I24 is wider than plate and studding I20 and IE2respectively, and extends outwardly to each side thereof to present aportion wherein notch I26 is provided.

As is illustrated in Figs. 3 and 4, the studding has a covering on theinner side, which is made up of lathe and plaster I28 and I30respectively, while the outer covering constitutes the conventionalsheeting I32. The thickness of the inner and outer covering is the sameas the depth of notches I26 so that the outer longitudinal edges of headplank I22 lie in the same plane as the outer faces of these coverings.An air tight joint is thereby established, which, while helped by trimplate I34 and finishing strip I36, is not ineffective without them. Thedrip cap I38 overlies strip I33 and siding I40 is usually a part of thestructure.

The inner face of head plank I24 has a groove M2 therein to receive arelatively wide parting strip I44 against which main door Hi0 and screendoor I48 engage to limit their movement when such doors are hung on theframe. J amb planks I50 along each side of the opening wherein door I46is to be hung, is of the same nature as head plank I24 in that it hasnotches I52 to receive a marginal portion of the inner coveringcomprising lathes I28 and plaster I30, and the marginal portion ofsheeting I32. A dividing strip R54 is pressed into groove I50 which,like groove I42, is along the inner face of lamb plank I50.

When installing jamb planks I50 in the manner illustrated in Fig. 9, themain sections thereof are disposed along each side of the openingwherein door M6 is to be placed. End sections I58 are joined to theopposite ends of the main sections to completely fill the distancebetween upper plate I20 and the lower plate, not here shown. These uppersections I58 combine with main sections I50 in establishing a rigidsupport in the nature of one of the stu-ddings I22, and when jamb planksI50 are placed in the framework of the building, to reach from plate toplate a connecting member I60 having a width the same as plate andstudding I20 and I22 respec tively, is employed with an additional shortplate I62. The blocks I64 are conventional and may be supplied wheredesired.

In the form of the invention shown in Fig. 12, jamb planks I'I0 are ofthe same character with respect to width and grooving, as jamb planksI50. I-Iead plank I12 in this form is likewise of the same character ashead plank I24. In this instance, jamb planks I10 do not extend to upperplate I20 but terminate against a short plate I'M Which joins studdingI22 and which is supplemented by a short plate I76.

The nature of the door. and window frame elements, with respect to theirWidths, groovings and relation with inner and outer covering andremaining parts of the building framework, is the same in the door frameas for the window frame installation. Both the door and window frameserves as a support at an integral part of the building framework andpermits the establishment of an air tight joint around the window ordoor frame which needs no calking, covering or other form ofweatherproofing.

The parts of a window frame and a door frame, made in accordance withthe broad concepts of the present invention, as well as the manner ofcombining said parts with the framework of a building, have been madeclear during the course of the foregoing description, and sincestructures of a type other than that disclosed might be made withoutdeparting from the spirit of the invention, it is desired to be limitedonly by the scope of the appended claims. I

Having thus described the invention, what is claimed as new and desiredto be secured by Letters Patent is:

1. A window sash frame for buildings having frame work includingvertical and horizontal members constituting studding and platesrespectively, comprising a pair of jamb planks supported between theplates; a head plank carried by the jamb planks; and a sill plank, saidjamb planks and the head plank being disposed to directly engage thewindow sash, all of said planks being an integral part of the frameworkof the building,

' said plates of the building structure being spaced apart a greaterdistance than the distance between the head plank and the sill plank,said jamb planks extending beyond the head plank and the sill plank tobridge the space between said plates of the building structure said jambplanks being formed of a plurality of interfitting sections.

2. A window sash frame for buildings having framework including verticaland horizontal members constituting the studding and platesrespectively, comprising a pair of jamb planks supported between theplates; a head plank carried by the jamb planks; and a sill plank, saidjamb planks and the head plank being disposed to directly engage thewindow sash, all of said planks being an integral part of the frameworkOf the building, said jamb planks being formed of a plurality ofinterfitting sections each of said jamb planks having a longitudinalgroove formed therein and parting strips positioned in the grooves 5said jamb planks extending beyond the head plank and the sill plank tobridge the, space between said plates of the building framework.

3. A window sash frame for buildings having framework including verticaland horizontal members constituting studding and plates respectively,comprising a pair of jamb planks supported between the plates; a headplank carried by the jamb planks; and a sill plank, said jamb planks andthe head plank being disposed to directly engage the window sash, all ofsaid planks being an integral part of the framework of the building,certain of said jamb planks being a plurality of sections joined toprovide a plank extending beyond the head planks and said sill plank tobridge the space between the said plates of the building framework.

4. A window sash frame for buildings having framework including verticaland horizontal members constituting studding and plates respec tively,comprising a pair of jamb planks supported between the plates; a headplank carried by the jamb planks; and a sill plank, said jamb planks andthe head plank being disposed to directly engage the window sash, all ofsaid planks being an integral part of the framework of the building,certain of said jamb planks being a plurality of sections joined toprovide a plank extending beyond the head planks and said sill plank tobridge the space between the said plates of the building framework, onesection of each jamb plank being wider than the remaining sectionsthereof and the building framework, said wider section having at leastone tongue integral therewith along one longitudinal 'edge thereof forengaging a molding 40 strip, the opposite longitudinal edge of the saidone section being rabbeted to receive other elements of the building.

5. A window sash frame for buildings having framework including verticaland horizontal members constituting studding and plates respectively,comprising a pair of jamb planks supported between the plates; a headplank carried by the jamb planks; and a sill plank, said jamb planks andthe head plank being disposed to directly engage the window sash, all ofsaid planks being an integral part of the framework of the building,certain of said jamb planks being a plurality of sections joined toprovide a plank extending beyond the head planks and said sill plank tobridge the space between the said plates of the building framework, Onesection of each jamb plankbeing wider than the remaining sectionsthereof and the building framework, said wider sections having at leastone tongue integral therewith along one longitudinal edge thereof forengaging a molding strip, the opposite longitudinal edge of the said onesection being rabbeted to receive other elements of the building, saidhead plank being wider than the building framework, said head plankhaving at least one tongue integral therewith along one longitudinaledge thereof for engaging a molding strip, the opposite longitudinaledge of said head plank being rabbeted for the purpose specified.

6. A window sash frame for buildings having framework including verticaland horizontal members constituting studding and plates respectively,comprising a pair of jamb planks supported between the plates; a headplank carried by the jamb planks; and a sill plank, said jamb planks andthe head plank being disposed to directly engage the window sash, all ofsaid planks being an integral part of the framework of the building,certain of said jamb planks being a plurality of sections joined toprovide a plank extending beyond the head planks and said sill plank tobridge the space between the said plates of the building framework, onesection of each jamb plank being wider than the remaining sectionsthereof and the building framework, said wider sections having at leastone tongue integral therewith along one longitudinal edge thereof forengaging a molding strip, the opposite longitudinal edge of the said onesection being rabbeted to receive other elements of the building, saidhead plank being wider than the building framework, said head plankhaving at least one tongue integral therewith along one longitudinaledge thereof for engaging a molding strip, the opposite longitudinaledge of said head plank being rabbeted for the purpose specified, thesaid opposite longitudinal edges of both the jamb planks and the headplank being in the same plane, said edges having window trim securedthereto and extending over adjacent margins of the other elements of thebuilding.

JAMES D. BLACKBURN.

